Some notes on UTL's syntax
A paramount feature of the UTL language is that it should be easy to analize (both syntactically and morphologically), and this analysis should be accurate and unambiguous. The computerized analysis of a sentece begins with a morpholexical identification of its individual elements, which are grouped in bigger unities, which at the same time make up the parts of the sentence. These structures are represented in a formal grammar, in which for every non-unitary element of a sentence its constitutive elements are given. You can see below a "toy" formal grammar for the UTL language covering some simple declarative sentences.
SENTENCE STRUCTURE IN UTL
Note on the markers: elements in brackets are optional; curled brackets indicate zero or more of that kind, and a vertical bar | indicates "or".
sentence ::= (subject) verb (objects) {adverbial}
| subject attributive_verb direct_object object_complement {adverbial}
| subject copulative_verb subject_complement {adverbial}
| subject copulative_verb {adverbial}
subject ::= noun_phrase | "ke" sentence | infinitive_sentence
objects ::= direct_object ("al" noun_phrase)
direct_object ::= accusative_noun_phrase | "ke" sentence
| infinitive_sentence
infinitive_sentence ::= infinitive (objects) {adverbial}
object/subject_complement ::= modified_adjective | noun_phrase
| relative_clause
adverbial ::= adverb_phrase | prepositional_phrase | adverb_clause
adverb_phrase ::= modified_adverb
| {modified_adverb} verbal_adverb (objects) {adverbial}
modified_adverb ::= {modified_adverb} adverb {adverbial}
prepositional_phrase ::= preposition noun_phrase
noun_phrase ::= modified_noun | relative_pronoun sentence
| (demonstrative) pronoun (number)
modified_noun ::= (specifier) (number) {adjective} noun
(modified_adjective) {prepositional_phrase} (relative_clause)
modified_adjective ::= (modified_adverb) adjective (adverbial)
| {modified_adverb} verbal_adjective (objects) {adverbial}
specifier ::= article | demonstrative | possessive | quantifier
relative_clause ::= relative_possesive modified_noun sentence
| relative_pronoun sentence
| (adverbial) relative_adverb sentence
adverb_clause ::= (adverbial) relative_adverb sentence
(c) Marcos Franco, 1999-2000.